The mountain · English ridge · camp 3 of 4
Grammar
Grammar: sentence structure, tense and agreement, punctuation, direct and indirect speech, and the clauses that hold a sentence together.
Walk to this camp
Three questions light the next lantern. Nothing to install, no sign-up.
Eight rungs, one trail
Every camp on the mountain has the same eight rungs: the eight altitudes Alpenrise measures, read back in the words of your own school system. Rung 1 is the bottom of secondary school; rung 8 is beyond the final exam.
| Rung | New Zealand | United Kingdom | Cambridge | IB |
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| R1Explorer | Year 7 | Year 7 | Stage 7 | MYP 1 |
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| R2Pathfinder | Year 8 | Year 8 | Stage 8 | MYP 2 |
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| R3Voyager | Year 9 | Year 9 | Stage 9 | MYP 3 |
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| R4Navigator | Year 10 | Year 10 · GCSE yr 1 | IGCSE Yr 1 | MYP 4 |
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| R5Pioneer | Year 11 | Year 11 · GCSE | IGCSE Yr 2 | MYP 5 |
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| R6Summit | Year 12 | Year 12 · AS | AS Level | DP 1 |
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| R7Apex | Year 13 | Year 13 · A Level | A Level | DP 2 |
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| R8Beyond | NZ Scholarship | beyond A Level | STEP prep | DP HL+ |
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One question from each rung
The mountain draws three questions per rung from the same slice as the free placement. Here is one from each rung of Grammar, shown without its answer.
- Rung 1 · Explorer · Year 7Change to indirect speech: Priya said, "I feel happy today."Priya said that she felt happy that day. · Priya said that she feels happy today, too. · Priya said that I felt happy today. · Priya said she felt happy today, now.
- Rung 2 · Pathfinder · Year 8Yesterday Leo ___ the science project. Which word fits?began · begin · beginned · begun
- Rung 3 · Voyager · Year 9The recipe was difficult; ___, it turned out delicious. Which word fits best?however · therefore · furthermore · consequently
- Rung 4 · Navigator · Year 10What is the correct plural of 'potato'?potatos · potatoes · potatoess · potatoies
- Rung 5 · Pioneer · Year 11You have only one cat.
Which sentence is punctuated correctly for this meaning?My cat, which is ginger, sleeps all day. · My cat which is ginger sleeps all day. · My cat, which is ginger sleeps all day. · My cat which is ginger, sleeps all day.
- Rung 6 · Summit · Year 12You want commas around 'in fact' to show it is an aside, not part of the main sentence structure.
Which version achieves this?The result, in fact, surprised no one. · The result in fact surprised no one. · The result, in fact surprised no one. · The result in fact, surprised no one.
- Rung 7 · Apex · Year 13Which sentence turns the underlying action into a noun (nominalisation)?The lengthy negotiation between the unions and management ended in a compromise. · The unions and management negotiated at length and reached a compromise. · The unions and management were negotiating at length, reaching a compromise. · The unions and management will negotiate at length and reach a compromise.
- Rung 8 · Beyond · NZ ScholarshipRead the sentence, then look at the clause in quotes.
Insofar as the data can be trusted, the trial supports the new treatment.
Clause: “Insofar as the data can be trusted”
What job is this clause doing?an adverbial clause · a noun clause · an adjective (relative) clause · an independent clause (not subordinate)
The other camps